Legacy waste management is a severe problem for the environment and public health that calls for all-encompassing strategies and solutions. Due to its complexity and possible risks, legacy waste—which frequently builds up in old landfills—presents a number of difficulties. Effective management techniques are necessary to reduce these hazards and convert waste into useful resources. Here, we examine the challenges posed by legacy waste and the creative approaches to its management that are currently on offer. Topmost Challenges of Legacy Waste Complexity and Formulation Sites for legacy waste usually contain a diverse range of items, such as: Organic waste: As it breaks down, methane, a strong greenhouse gas, is released. Non-biodegradable Materials: Substances that don't break down quickly in the environment include metals and plastics, which cause long-term pollution. Hazardous Substances: Industrial waste, electronic waste, and toxic chemicals can all be extremely harmful to y...